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Recent conflicts have directed much academic and media attention to special operations forces (SOF). Despite the attention, the application of SOF in asymmetric conventional warfare or irregular conflict has not been fully examined in the context of just war theory.
This project explores whether or not veterans have regained their trust in the appointment process and wait times for healthcare access at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). We explore the perception of appointments and wait times for veterans prior to and after the whistleblower report of April 2014.
This study assesses whether India will be a reliable security partner for the United States in our efforts to manage the rise of China. U.S. grand strategy since World War Two has centered around maintaining and expanding a rules-based international order that globally promotes democratic governments, international institutions, human rights, and open markets.
Since Vladimir Putin came to power, Russian arms sales have steadily increased in several geographic areas while Russo-American relations have gradually deteriorated. Therefore, as Putin seeks to foster global multi-polarity in order to challenge the American-dominated geopolitical world order, how is Russia conducting international arms sales and for what reasons?
This teaching case puts the reader into the position of the leadership of a U.S. Navy Sailor deployed in Afghanistan. The Sailor's documentation states the Sailor is female; in person the Sailor appears to be male. The Sailor had been living in male barracks and meeting male physical and grooming standards for months.
The Maritime Area Denial Mine with Autonomous Navigation (MADMAN) project provides a means for asserting maritime dominance through integration of intelligence into mines. This project identifies a path toward reinvigorating mine warfare innovation to develop the mine of the future, MADMAN.
The rapid increase of space activity in the 21st century has raised questions about the adequacy of the 1967 Outer Space Treaty (OST) to govern orbital activities and prevent future international conflicts. This study analyzes the OST's ability to address critical emerging problems across three issue areas: orbital space debris, the weaponization of space, and asteroid and Moon mining.
Since the June 2014 establishment of the "caliphate" by the Islamic State, there has been an alarming increase in the number of terrorist attacks in Europe. Concurrently, wave after wave of migrants from war-torn countries such as Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan have landed on Greek shores—and the shores of other southern European countries—in search of safety and freedom.
This thesis examines two NATO maritime operations: Operation Active Endeavour (OAE), conducted from 2001 to 2016, and Operation Ocean Shield (OOS), conducted from 2009 to 2016. In each of these operations, NATO benefited from the participation of non-members, notably in information sharing.
U.S. military training and professional education has increased in Africa since 2002. Building professional militaries can improve security but also presents a moral dilemma. African regimes are often criticized for poor governance—including patrimonial, kleptocratic, and authoritarian rule—and African armies are often political in nature.
Russia threatens Eastern Europe, overtly and covertly, with offensive cyber-attacks, by shooting down aircraft, and through violations of international law such as the annexation of Crimea. The current economic sanctions are not deterring Russia from acting aggressively.
NATO as a whole has struggled to sufficiently fund the capabilities necessary for its mission effectiveness, even as individual Allies (above all, the United States) have spent enormous amounts on defense. At the same time, some Allies have made significant security contributions—e.g., basing facilities and aid for migrants—that have not shown up in their defense budgets.
The purpose of this study is twofold: to determine the success of alternative drug policy and to provide a foundation for better assessment of drug policy success in promoting stability. Mexico has the world's most lucrative drug trafficking corridor.
Since Bitcoin's release in late 2008, the cryptocurrency has grown and proven itself as a disruptive technology, resistant to sovereign law and international financial regulations, and an alternative to the sovereign state's concept of fiat money.
FEMA faced a number of challenges that slowed and complicated its response efforts to Hurricane Maria, particularly in Puerto Rico. Many of these challenges were also highlighted in FEMA's own 2017 hurricane after action report, including: the sequential and overlapping timing of the three hurricanes—with Maria the last of the three—caused staffing shortages and required FEMA to shift staff.
President al-Sisi's regional foreign policy decisions have taken a different approach compared to past Egyptian presidencies. Understanding where Egypt is headed and the backbone of al-Sisi's foreign policies is important not only for U.S. interests in the Middle East and North Africa, but for regional security and stability.
Theory attempting to explain poverty and development is vast, varied, and, in many ways, inconclusive. In this thesis, I review core literature on the Industrial Revolution and the rise of Western Europe and the Asian Tigers, finding that their economic development rested on a cycle of three fundamental principles: rule of law, access to capital, and strong, yet restrained, bureaucratic capacity.
Since proclaiming the caliphate in 2014, the Islamic State (ISIS) has been recruiting men and women to the battlefields of Syria and Iraq from countries around the world. This study explores why American men and women volunteered to join ISIS and leave behind their families, their friends, and the comforts of American society.
Space competency is critical to winning our future wars. Over the past 60 years, the United States Navy (USN) has played an essential role as an active enabler of space-based capabilities. In this day and age, when adversaries continue to mature their own space capabilities to deny U.S. capabilities.
This thesis examines the incentives behind China's decision to implement its aggressive $585 billion economic stimulus package in response to the global financial crisis, or GFC. The thesis assesses the explanatory power of economic, social, and political causal factors to explain China's decision.
This research used uniforms of the United States Navy and Marine Corps to explain the costs and benefits of the services consolidating uniforms and wearing a single functional uniform. This study examined the history of Navy and Marine Corps uniforms.
Our research analyzed Department of Defense (DoD) involvement in the disaster relief efforts for Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria. During the 2017 hurricane season, the United States experienced three major hurricanes in rapid succession. These events tested the hurricane responses of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and have left some wondering why the DoD was slow to respond.
A commander must justifiably believe three things: that an unjust aggressor is poised to attack, that her capacity to avert an attack is constrained by an imminent decision point or last window of opportunity, and that preemption is part of a moral-risk proportionate strategy. In any event, a commander must decide to preempt or not preempt under conditions of uncertainty.
This study analyzes contemporary civil-military relations in Uruguay with respect to its intelligence organizations. Uruguay operated for twelve years under military dictatorship until 1985, when the country peacefully transitioned to democracy.
Why is political corruption in Brazil being recognized now, and why are political leaders finally being held accountable? While many studies attempt to prove or disprove the many causes that lead to corruption, this study takes a slightly different approach.
For 40 years a large amount of literature has concluded that organizational culture and innovation are closely linked. This study uses a prominent organizational culture diagnostic tool, the organizational culture assessment instrument, to map the organizational culture of Air Force Special Operations Command operational units and determine if the organization is naturally inclined to innovate.
School shootings have significantly impacted many aspects of our lives across the United States. They first became a recognized problem in American society in the 1960s and have since continued to increase in frequency and severity.
Using a historical comparative analysis of bilateral cooperation from the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC), the Union Solidarity Development Party (USDP), and the National League for Democracy (NLD) years, this study indicates that political liberalization temporarily weakened Myanmar's foreign policy with China, which historically has been characterized as Pauk-Phaw, or fraternal.
As of January 2016, all military occupations opened to women across all branches of military service. The opening of previously closed occupations to women has initiated conversations regarding how the quality of the force may be affected by the integration. This study explores the implications of altering the gender composition in the Marine Corps on recruiting and readiness.
The populations of Germany and Italy are largely pacifist, but while many Germans are also anti-military, many Italians are not. Attitudes towards war and military forces were shaped in both states by their experiences during World Wars I and II and by the roles their respective militaries played in these conflicts.
The People's Republic of China has emerged as the most significant long-term strategic competitor to the United States on the world stage. To accomplish this, China has made substantial investments in modern naval systems. In order to understand how successful China has been in this effort, an understanding of its acquisition system is required.
How can defense organizations best position themselves to adopt novel ideas and cutting-edge technologies? Many organizations within the Department of Defense (DoD) require the ongoing adoption of new methodologies and approaches as a part of their core operations.
This mid-2018 report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. It provides an unique, up-to-date, and exceptionally detailed look at the military satellite programs of three important American allies: France, Australia, and Japan, including intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, missile warning, and communications systems.
TP 525-4-1 describes the broad capabilities the Army will require to sustain multi-domain battle and cross-domain maneuver with joint, interorganizational, and multinational partners during 2020-2040. The ideas presented have been integrated with the evolving estimates of the operational environment.
The U.S. Army is the Nation's principal land force organized, trained, and equipped for prompt and sustained combat on land. Today's adversaries have studied how the U.S. Joint Force prefers to operate and adapted to develop capabilities that contest our operations on land, at sea, in the air, in space and cyberspace, as well as the electromagnetic spectrum.
This excellent report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. The official historian of the Army Transportation Corps provides a great history of the Vietnam War offensive known as Lam Son 719, or Operation Dewey Canyon II.
This excellent report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. The official historian of the Army Transportation Corps provides a great history of the Transportation Corps in Operation Iraqi Freedom 2 (OIF-2) and the April 2005 Uprising.
This compilation of seven excellent reports has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. The official historian of the Army Transportation Corps provides great histories of many Transportation Corps events.
This excellent report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. The official historian of the Army Transportation Corps provides a vivid account of supplying the army during the famous Peninsula Campaign in Virginia during the American Civil War.
Director of National Intelligence Daniel R. Coats presented the 2018 annual U.S. intelligence community worldwide threat assessment in Congressional testimony on February 13, 2018. In the published report, Coats provides a thorough review of the status of possible threats from a wide variety of nations and terror groups.
The Office of the Chief of Transportation, Fort Eustis, Virginia, prepared this Registry of Army Vessel Names for all Transportation Corps personnel who have an interest in the Army's marine transportation field. It provides a historical record of Army vessel names, and establishes the procedures for naming Army vessels.
These accounts of fighting in Vietnam are based upon official U.S. Army records—daily journals, journal files, and after action reports; upon interviews conducted soon after the events by historical officers in Vietnam.
Three excellent reports have been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction: Amphibious Operations in the 21st Century, Amphibious Ships and Landing Craft Data Book, Amphibious Ready Group (ARG) and Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU) Overview.
The Army must be manned, equipped and trained to prevent conflict, shape the security environments and win wars. When adequately tailored, the Army, as part of the Joint Force, provides multiple options, integrates efforts of multiple partners and operates across multiple domains to present enemies and adversaries with multiple dilemmas.
This report, professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction, reproduces two U.S. government studies of the 1982 Falklands War. The first is the official U.S. Navy "Lessons of the Falklands Summary Report" which cover all aspects of the British offensive to retake the islands.
Comparing events in Operation CORPORATE as a cautionary tale for the United States current strategic, economic, and military conditions will demonstrate the United States is on a course similar to the United Kingdom, and could face similar hardships and potentially adverse results should there be a military challenge to the United States in the western Pacific or another maritime region.
The prospect of declining budgets and a changing geostrategic environment impose an urgent need for a more rigorous ends, ways, and means decision-making cycle when it comes to Navy strategy. Over the next several years, the Navy faces the prospect of building fewer ships and airplanes than would be necessary to maintain current fleet size.
Faced with what seems to be a growing trend within violent extremist organizations, states, militaries, policymakers, and academics are confronted with a vital question: Are women purely serving as baby factories for future terrorists, as sex slaves, as logistical support, and as sacrificial lambs; or, do they have a more active, combatant role?
Ukraine remains far from a robust democracy and qualifies as a consolidated hybrid state. Despite more than 25 years of government development since independence, Ukraine continues to experience difficulty shedding the legacy of the Soviet era in order to advance to a truly democratic state.
Examining the political and social consequences of coercive border enforcement, this thesis hypothesizes that unilateral border hardening erodes institutional legitimacy and undermines regional stability. Relying on a case study of the Uzbekistan-Kyrgyzstan border in Central Asia's Ferghana Valley, the thesis finds that border hardening is likely to change local perceptions of the border.